Overview
Ammonium Fluoride (NH₄F) is an inorganic compound consisting of ammonium and fluoride ions. With the CAS number 7784-18-1, this white crystalline substance is highly soluble in water and commonly available in ACS (American Chemical Society) reagent grade, ensuring high purity suitable for laboratory and industrial use.
Chemical and Physical Properties
– Chemical Formula: NH₄F
– Molar Mass: 37.04 g/mol
– Appearance: White crystalline solid
– Solubility: Highly soluble in water and ethanol
– Melting Point: Sublimes at 100–125 °C (decomposes)
– Odor: Slight ammonia-like smell
When dissolved in water, Ammonium Fluoride forms a weakly acidic solution due to partial hydrolysis, releasing fluoride and ammonium ions.
Common Applications
Ammonium Fluoride is utilized across a range of industries, particularly where fluoride ion activity is essential:
1. Glass Etching and Surface Treatment
Used in the etching of glass and ceramics, Ammonium Fluoride provides controlled surface alteration for optical, decorative, or technical applications.
2. Metal Processing
Acts as a flux or cleaning agent in metal finishing, especially in aluminum and magnesium processing.
3. Analytical Chemistry
As an ACS reagent, Ammonium Fluoride is used in various chemical analyses, particularly when fluoride ions are needed in titration or ion exchange studies.
4. Chemical Synthesis
Used as an intermediate or auxiliary reagent in the production of other fluorine-containing compounds.
5. Semiconductor Industry
In certain formulations, it is used for cleaning silicon wafers and other components due to its fluoride reactivity.
Handling and Storage
Ammonium Fluoride should be handled with care due to its corrosive nature and potential toxicity:
– Protective Equipment: Use gloves, eye protection, and appropriate lab attire. Work in a well-ventilated area or fume hood.
– Storage Conditions: Store in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated space, away from acids and oxidizers.
– Reactivity: Avoid contact with strong acids, as it can release toxic hydrogen fluoride gas.
Health and Safety Considerations
– Inhalation: May cause respiratory irritation. Avoid breathing dust or fumes.
– Skin/Eye Contact: Can cause burns or irritation. Immediate washing with water is advised upon contact.
– Ingestion: Harmful if swallowed; not intended for any internal use.
– Environmental Impact: Prevent release into the environment. Dispose of in accordance with local and federal regulations.
Regulatory Status
Ammonium Fluoride is typically regulated under chemical safety standards for workplace and environmental exposure. Always refer to local Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for specific regulatory and handling requirements.
Conclusion
Ammonium Fluoride (ACS, CAS: 7784-18-1) is a highly versatile fluoride compound valued for its reactivity and purity. From industrial etching to advanced analytical applications, it plays a crucial role in processes where precise chemical performance is required. Due to its reactive and potentially hazardous nature, appropriate safety measures and responsible handling are essential in all its uses.
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